Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) constitute a significant source of postoperative morbidity and mortality globally. Furthermore, SSIs are associated with elevated healthcare expenditures an

Background: Malnutrition is linked to more postoperative problems, a longer recovery period, and a higher death rate; preoperative nutritional condition is a critical factor in surgical outcomes. Obje

Background: The epidemiology and contemporary treatment of anal fissures (AF) are underreported in the literature. To address this deficiency, this investigation examined the incidence, comorbidity pr