Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) constitute a significant source of postoperative morbidity and mortality globally. Furthermore, SSIs are associated with elevated healthcare expenditures an

Background: Appendicular mass, a common complication of acute appendicitis, typically develops after three days of symptom onset. Management strategies vary from surgical intervention to conservative

Background: Hemoglobinopathies represent a prevalent category of inherited genetic disorders characterized by disruptions in the biosynthesis of one or more globin polypeptide chains constituting the

Background: Malnutrition is linked to more postoperative problems, a longer recovery period, and a higher death rate; preoperative nutritional condition is a critical factor in surgical outcomes. Obje